Rain rates along Sally’s track periodically exceeded 1 inch/hour near its core and combined with its slow speed, led to high accumulations along the Gulf Coast. The multi-colored line shows Sally’s track based on National Hurricane Center advisories, with orange indicating hurricane strength winds. Credit: NASA/Jason West This animation shows rainfall rates (blue/yellow shading) and rainfall accumulations (green shading) from NASA’s IMERG algorithm, overlaid on shades of white/gray cloud data from NOAA infrared satellite instruments. NASA IMERG combined data from multiple satellites to estimate the rainfall from Hurricane Sally in near-real time at half-hourly intervals from September 11 to 16, 2020. ![]() IMERG combines observations from a fleet of satellites, in near-real time, to provide near-global estimates of precipitation every 30 minutes. Rainfall rates and rainfall accumulations are estimated using NASA’s Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) algorithm. ![]() NASA combined data from multiple satellites to estimate the rainfall from Hurricane Sally in near-real time at half-hourly intervals from September 11-16, 2020. Credit: NASA JPL/Heidar Thrastarson NASA Calculates Sally’s Rainfall NASA research has shown that cloud top temperatures that cold indicate strong storms that have the capability to create heavy rain. AIRS found the coldest cloud top temperatures as cold as or colder than minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 53 degrees Celsius) around the center of circulation and to the northeast and east of the center. EDT (1911 UTC) NASA’s Aqua satellite analyzed Sally using the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder or AIRS instrument. Credit: NASA JPL/Heidar ThrastarsonĪt that time, the AIRS image showed those strong storms over the Florida Panhandle, much of Alabama, Georgia and extending into western South Carolina. AIRS found coldest cloud top temperatures as cold as or colder than minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 53 degrees Celsius) around the center of circulation and to the northeast and east of the center. ![]() NASA provides that data to forecasters at NOAA’s National Hurricane Center or NHC so they can incorporate it in their forecasting. The stronger the storms, the higher they extend into the troposphere, and the colder the cloud top temperatures. Tropical cyclones do not always have uniform strength, and some sides are stronger than others. Gulf Coast.Ĭloud top temperatures provide information to forecasters about where the strongest storms are located within a tropical cyclone. As a slow-moving storm, Sally generated a lot of rainfall, left behind flooded streets and knocked out power to hundreds of thousands on the U.S. It was a Category 2 storm on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind scale with sustained winds near 105 mph (169 kph). Credit: NASA Worldview, Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Sally then continued a slow trek through Alabama. 16 about 8 hours after landfall in southern Alabama. ![]() NASA’s Aqua satellite provided a visible image of Sally at 1:30 p.m. NASA’s Aqua satellite and IMERG analysis were used to analyze the storm’s flooding potential. NASA satellites provided a look at the rainfall potential in Hurricane Sally before and after it made landfall in southern Alabama. 17, 2020 – NASA Analyzes Rainfall and Rainmaking Capability in Hurricane Sally
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